Ref: https://github.com/laravel/laravel/blob/master/.gitignore#L2

Update/opencart

Extend C to ignore Visual Studio artifacts

Include shared settings, according to official docs

Added kernel module compilation results

Add .externalNativeBuild to Android gitignore

Add vendor folder to Go.gitignore

Add support for Cake.Net

Update Node.gitignore

Add `*.tgz`, the output of `npm pack`, or other build-steps.

Add .nfs files to Linux.gitignore

Added a few missed files from kernel compilation results

Adds kernel module compile to the ignore list.

Cake.Net creates a tools folder at the root which contains downloaded packages and should not be checked in.

Update Erlang.gitignore

/ebin can't be simply ignored because *.app should be put here.

[Erlang Applications](http://erlang.org/doc/design_principles/applications.html)
> 8.4  Directory Structure
> ebin - Contains the Erlang object code, the beam files. The .app file is also placed here.

added VS code coverage files

Ignore .jfm files in Visual Studio

.jfm files have started blocking checking for .sqlproj projects in Visual Studio. .jfm files are a new file-type created by the Microsoft ESENT database engine - this is a recent improvement only in Windows 10 Anniversary update. As the SSDT .sqlproj type in Visual Studio uses this engine for .dbmdl metadata files, and this file is locked by the user, this currently blocks users from checking into Git repositories.

This fix helps mitigate this by avoiding checkin of this file type.

Introduce new Ansible template

Official docs, found here:
https://intellij-support.jetbrains.com/hc/en-us/articles/206544839 (as
of 13 Aug 2016)

Visual Studio creates a few artifacts which weren't ignored before,
mainly .idb, .pdb and .ilk files which are either created by CL.EXE or
by LINK.EXE were added to the gitignore for Windows projects.

A little more information can be found here on Microsoft's
documentation: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/3awe4781.aspx

Update TeX.gitignore

Added a line that adds the `auto` folder that Emacs+ AUCTex automatically creates in the gitignore list. 

More about this `auto` feature below 
https://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/manual/auctex/Parsing-Files.html

Rename OSX.gitignore to macOS.gitignore

Apple renames OS X to macOS. Announced @ WWDC 2016

nbactions.xml must not be ignored (?)

Added "Python Tools for Visual Studio" to VisualStudio.gitignore

__pycache__/
*.pyc

This file as documentation (which seems lacking) states is used for calling custom Maven goals from the IDE.
Ignoring this file was a source much confusion in few projects (mapping Run action to custom goals... etc etc) 
Also this file does anything worth ignoring
Added by #145
Exclusion of `nbactions.xml`  from `.gitgnore` should be discussed.

Add eslint cache ignore for node projects.